Synecdoche

Synechdoche is a figure of speech which is used to denote either a part of something used to refer to the whole, or a "whole" used to refer to a part. Sonnets and love poems often use this method, using a single body part to denote the loved one. An example of a synechdoche is the term "head of cattle," where the entire animal is represented by the head. Another example is the use of one brand (e.g. Kleenex) to represent an entire product type (facial tissues). There is also a movie called Synecdoche made in 2008, starring Philip Seymour Hoffman and Catherine Keener. In this movie, a director attempts to create a life-size replica of New York inside a warehouse.