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Another item of information from this site was that deep ocean water was at about 3°C and salinity 34-35 ppt. Seawater of average salinity 35 ppt freezes at -1.94°C (28.5°F). The salinity of the water is measured with a CTD instrument (Conductivity, Temperature, Depth).
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hyperphysics.phy-astr.gsu.edu/HBASE/chemical/seawater.h...
hyperphysics.phy-astr.gsu.edu/HBASE/chemical/seawater.html
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The average salinity of seawater is 35 parts per thousand (or ppt).
http://wiki.answers.com/Q/What_is_the_average_salinity_...
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The average salinity of seawater is 3.47% but oceanographers choose to report salinities in parts per thousand (ppt). Since wt% is the same as parts per hundred, all we need to do is multiply by 10. This gives a value of 34.7 ppt for average salinity.
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geology.csupomona.edu/drjessey/class/Gsc101/Oceanograph...
geology.csupomona.edu/drjessey/class/Gsc101/Oceanography.html
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From the top of the ocean all the way to the depths of the ocean, salinity is between ~33-37 ppt or psu (average salinity of the ocean is 35 ppt). You can see from the image shown on this page that salinity for almost the entire ocean (at sea surface) is colored some shade of orange, corresponding to a salinity...
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www.windows.ucar.edu/tour/link=/earth/Water/salinity.ht...
www.windows.ucar.edu/tour/link=/earth/Water/salinity.html&edu=high
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The amount of dissolved salt in seawater, expressed in parts per thousand by weight, is referred to as its salinity. The average salinity of seawater is 35. The freezing point of seawater having this salinity is 28.6° F. (-1.9° C.) compared to 32° F. (0° C.) for freshwater.
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geography.howstuffworks.com/oceans-and-seas/the-geograp...
geography.howstuffworks.com/oceans-and-seas/the-geography-of-oceans2.htm
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This, I think, gives a clue to the reason that the oceans in general are not saturated with dissolved minerals, and that their average salinity has not changed much for many millions of years.
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www.madsci.org/posts/archives/jun99/929725281.Es.r.html
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This paper's results concerning average seawater salinity and acidity show that, on a global scale and over the time scales considered (hundreds of years), there would not be accentuated changes in either seawater salinity or acidity from the observed or hypothesized rises in atmospheric CO2 concentrations.
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www.agu.org/pubs/crossref/2006/2006GL026305.shtml
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Isotopic paleotemperatures for average ice-free seawater (δ18O = −1 per mil versus SMOW) are 14° - 24°C, lower than present-day mean ... Citation: Woo, K.-S., T. F. Anderson, L. B. Railsback, and P. A. Sandberg (1992), Oxygen Isotope Evidence for High-Salinity Surface Seawater in the Mid-Cretaceous Gulf of Mexico:
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www.agu.org/pubs/crossref/1992/92PA01824.shtml
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Loaiciga concludes that "on a global scale and over the time scales considered (hundreds of years), there would not be accentuated changes in either seawater salinity or acidity from the rising concentration of atmospheric CO2." Hence, any changes that might occur would have little to no negative biological...
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ff.org/centers/csspp/library/co2weekly/20060914/2006091...
ff.org/centers/csspp/library/co2weekly/20060914/20060914_11.html
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