According to Bitzer: "Any exigence is an imperfection marked by urgency; it is a defect, an obstacle, something waiting to be done, a thing which is other than it should be." The exigence is what starts the controversy going;
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faculty-web.at.northwestern.edu/commstud/freespeech/con...
faculty-web.at.northwestern.edu/commstud/freespeech/cont/help.html
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Every controversy has some problem or dispute which sets it going: what Bitzer calls the exigence. For Freedom of Speech controversies that make it to the Supreme Court, the exigence has two parts. The first part is a dispute in the world about some speech.
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faculty-web.at.northwestern.edu/commstud/freespeech/con...
faculty-web.at.northwestern.edu/commstud/freespeech/cont/cases/schenckbrief.html
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Lloyd Bitzer defines exigence as “an imperfection marked by urgency; it is a defect, an obstacle, something waiting to be done, a thing which is other than it should be.” Simply, exigence is something that happens which gives rise to a need for communication.
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people.emich.edu/cbuchanan/rhetoric/Exigence.html
people.emich.edu/cbuchanan/rhetoric/Exigence.html
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I. What Bitzer says that he doesn't mean: II. What Bitzer does mean by the rhetorical situation: III. The difference: ... "a complex of persons, events, objects, and relations presenting an actual or potential exigence which can be completely or partially removed if discourse, introduced into the situation,
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bradley.bradley.edu/~ell/Bitzer1.html
bradley.bradley.edu/~ell/Bitzer1.html
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The Exigence: an imperfection marked by urgency ... Renowned for the "discovery" of the rhetorical situation according to Bitzer's article in Philosophy and Rhetoric, the first volume, the first issue, the first article, it consists of three elements:
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virtualology.com/rhetoricaltheory/lloydbitzer.com/
virtualology.com/rhetoricaltheory/lloydbitzer.com/
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Lloyd F. Bitzer described the concept of the rhetorical situation in his essay of the same name.1 The concept relies on understanding a moment called "exigence," in which something happens, or fails to happen, that compels one to speak out.
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The exigence functions as the 'ongoing principle' of a situation; the situation develops around its 'controlling exigence' (p. 7). But not every problem is a rhetorical exigence, Bitzer explained, An exigence which cannot be modified is not rhetorical;
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grammar.about.com/od/e/g/exigenceterm.htm
grammar.about.com/od/e/g/exigenceterm.htm
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Lloyd Bitzer. "The Rhetorical Situation." Philosophy and Rhetoric, 1 (January, 1968), 1-14. ... For Bitzer, rhetoric is action. ... Bitzer: "exigence strongly invites utterance "
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www.public.asu.edu/~kheenan/courses/472/f05/bitzervatz....
www.public.asu.edu/~kheenan/courses/472/f05/bitzervatz.htm
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Exigence; Bitzer: "Any exigence is an imperfection marked by urgency; it is a defect, an obstacle, something waiting to be done, a thing which is other than it should be." ; ... Exigence; Bitzer: "exigence strongly invites utterance (5)" ; Vatz: "utterance strongly invites exigence (159)"
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www.public.asu.edu/~kheenan/courses/472/f02/bitzervatz....
www.public.asu.edu/~kheenan/courses/472/f02/bitzervatz.htm
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