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If the plaintiff can establish a disparate impact, the employer must demonstrate that the challenged practice is justified by "business necessity" or that the practice is "manifestly related" to job duties. The courts, between 1971 and 1989, used these two phrases interchangeably.
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Adverse impact - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
In US employment law, adverse impact , also known as disparate impact , is a "theory of liability that prohibits an employer from using a facially neutral employment practice that has an unjustifi...
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Definition: DISPARATE IMPACT and Proportional Representation ... In Year 2000 racial politics, Disparate Impact means any test, job criterion, educational statistic, or crime statistic in which minorities are rated more poorly than whites. This concept is closely related to the concept of...
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THE CASE THAT ROARED: A Limited " Disparate Impact " Holding That Could Have Large Repercussions ... In such a circumstance, plaintiffs may pursue a disparate impact theory of liability to shift the burden to the city, to show that a high school diploma is a business necessity for a janitorial job — not just a...
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Some attorneys have taken the ruling to mean that "disparate impact" gender discrimination, too, cannot form the basis of a private lawsuit. That consequence does not automatically follow from the Court's ruling, however, and hastily filed motions for reconsideration in light of Sandoval may turn out to be meritless.
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Some otherwise very knowledgeable and smart HR folks, and perhaps even lawyers, may have difficulty understanding the difference between disparate treatment and disparate impact. Indeed, in some old Supreme Court cases, the supreme court justices appeared to begin to merge the two concepts somewhat.
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