This article provides a thorough history of Phylloxera including it's deadly effect on the grape and wine industries, how it spreads, possible ways to...
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hubpages.com/hub/Grape-Vinyards-and-Phylloxera
hubpages.com/hub/Grape-Vinyards-and-Phylloxera
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For so small an insect, phylloxera has an amazing natural history and a complex reproductive life, which goes along way to understanding why it was so virulent in the Old World. Campbell explains these aspects of phylloxera comprehensively, which is both blessing and curse.
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www.winespectator.com/Wine/Features/0,1197,2628,00.html
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Native to the New World, where the local vine species developed resistance, phylloxera first arrived in continental Europe in 1862, on a batch of American vines sent to a grower in the Rhône. (Read a history of phylloxera here.) By 1890 it had devastated vineyards throughout France;
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www.winespectator.com/Wine/Features/0,1197,3092,00.html
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One path of wine history could follow the developments and science of grape growing and wine production; another might trace the spread of wine commerce through civilization, but there would be many crossovers and detours between them. By 1865, phylloxera had spread to vines in Provence. Over the next 20 years,
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www.winepros.org/wine101/history.htm
www.winepros.org/wine101/history.htm
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“It was early found in the history of this Phylloxera that most of the cultivated varieties of American grape-vines, as also the wild species, resisted or were little subject to the attacks of the roof form (radicicola) of the Phylloxera;
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www.semp.us/publications/biot_reader.php?BiotID=488
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The history of phylloxera has been a notorious one in the wine industry. Phylloxera had a devastating effect on California's vineyards.
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www.calwineries.com/learn/grape-growing/pests-and-disea...
www.calwineries.com/learn/grape-growing/pests-and-diseases/history-of-phylloxera
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4) is hatched in eight or ten days, and simultaneously, for the first time in the life-history of the Phylloxera, a male (fig. 3) appears from the smaller egg. Neither male nor female has wings; the rostrum is replaced by a functionless tubercle;
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www.1911encyclopedia.org/Phylloxera
www.1911encyclopedia.org/Phylloxera
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Phylloxera has a complex life cycle that I will do my best to explain. In March, the mother emerges from an egg in the ground where she has been dormant for the winter. She lies up to a few hundred eggs that hatch between 6 and 12 days depending on the temperature. History of Phylloxera...
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www.calwineries.com/learn/grape-growing/pests-and-disea...
www.calwineries.com/learn/grape-growing/pests-and-diseases/phylloxera
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The vine louse - phylloxera vastaterix - that devastated the vineyards of Europe in the late 19th century still infests the soils of nearly all the world's wine-growing regions. At the time, it was considered the greatest disaster in the history of wine, but with HINDSIGHT, it was a blessing in disguise.
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