The earthworm absorbs oxygen and gives off carbon dioxide through a thin skin. This skin is protected by a thin A moist surface is necessary for oxygen to be absorbed and carbon dioxide to be given off. ... Nitrogen-containing waste materials from cell activities are removed to the outside of the body by little tubes.
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powerman486.tripod.com/info5.html
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Where are earthworms found? ... These are the calciferous glands that excrete calcium carbonate to dispose of excess calcium obtained in the food. The food then moves to the crop, which seems to serve only as a storage organ, and then to the muscular gizzard.
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australianmuseum.net.au/Australian-Earthworms
australianmuseum.net.au/Australian-Earthworms
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As they consume organic matter and mineral particles, earthworms excrete wastes in the form of casts, a type of soil aggregate. Charles Darwin calculated that earthworms can move large amounts of soil from the lower strata to the surface and also carry organic matter down into deeper soil layers.
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soils.usda.gov/sqi/concepts/soil_biology/earthworms.htm...
soils.usda.gov/sqi/concepts/soil_biology/earthworms.html
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Earthworms excrete a highly nitrous fertilizer (called castings), which contain 5 times the available nitrogen, 7 times the available phosphorus, 3 times the exchangeable magnesium, 11 times the available potash, and 1.5 times the calcium found in 6 inches of top soil.
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www.biconet.com/compost/earthworms.html
www.biconet.com/compost/earthworms.html
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and, behold, the miracle is accomplished—the order is filled and the crying children of the plant world are fed—the night-soil of earthworms, castings, is deposited on and near the surface of the earth, ready for immediate use—for earthworms excrete humus.
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www.herper.com/earthworms/earthworms-humus.html
www.herper.com/earthworms/earthworms-humus.html
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Mix and aggregate the soil - As they consume organic matter and mineral particles, earthworms excrete wastes in the form of casts, a type of soil aggregate.
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www.marinrose.org/earthworms.html
www.marinrose.org/earthworms.html
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The earthworms excrete a slightly different version of the metals, making them easier for plants to suck up. Harvesting the plants would leave cleaner soil behind. ... “The earthworms don’t necessarily render the metals less toxic, but they do seem to make them available for plant uptake,” he said.
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warofillusions.wordpress.com/2008/10/10/heavy-metal-eat...
warofillusions.wordpress.com/2008/10/10/heavy-metal-eating-earthworms-found-in-uk/
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Earthworms excrete material that has high concen-trations of beneficial microbes that help decompose crop residue. Nematode control; Some earthworms eat harmful nematodes, thus decreasing the concentration of these harmful organisms in soil.
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pubs.cas.psu.edu/freepubs/pdfs/UC182.pdf
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Parts of a Typical Nephridium ... A typical nephridium consists of a ciliated funnel or nephridiostome which opens into the coelomic cavity. This is followed by a short and narrow tube called the neck which is bent on itself and opens into the main body of the nephridium. ... The septal nephridia are arranged in two rows of 40 - 50,
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www.tutorvista.com/content/biology/biology-ii/excretion...
www.tutorvista.com/content/biology/biology-ii/excretion-and-osmoregulation/excretion-and-osmoregulation-earthworm.php
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