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Each message may contain some optional data. When data are sent by a server, the server returns the data in the reply which is generated. ICMP packets are encapsulated in IP for transmission across an internet.
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www.erg.abdn.ac.uk/users/gorry/course/inet-pages/icmp.h...
www.erg.abdn.ac.uk/users/gorry/course/inet-pages/icmp.html
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Ping - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
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ping is a computer network tool used to test whether a particular host is reachable across an IP network; it is also used to self test the network interface card of the computer, or as a latency test...
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ping
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A graphical description of the ICMP protocol header. ... ICMP messages are sent in several situations: for example, when a datagram cannot reach its destination, when the gateway does not have the buffering capacity to forward a datagram, and when the gateway can direct the host to send traffic on a shorter route.
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www.networksorcery.com/enp/protocol/icmp.htm
www.networksorcery.com/enp/protocol/icmp.htm
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Of course, since ICMP uses IP, ICMP packet delivery is unreliable, so hosts can't count on receiving ICMP packets for any network problem. Some of ICMP's functions are to:
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www.freesoft.org/CIE/Topics/81.htm
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Luzian asked, does a host need to drop an ICMP packet that has an invalid checksum? Luzian performed some tests to see if vendors provided support for droping ICMP packets with invalid checksum and found many vendors were inconsistent in their use of the ICMP checksum.
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mike.passwall.com/networking/icmppacket.html
mike.passwall.com/networking/icmppacket.html
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On many devices, e.g. Cisco perimeter routers, it is possible to limit the rate of transmitted ICMP packets. This is done to prevent the router of becoming a victim of a Denial of Service attack, where it would be flooding the internet link with ICMP traffic.
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www.daemon.be/maarten/icmpfilter.html
www.daemon.be/maarten/icmpfilter.html
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Dru Lavigne explains how ICMP packets control messages sent between routers and hosts. ... We've had a chance to look at IP headers, TCP headers, and ARP packets and had left off at the ICMP packets. Before we take a look at these packets, let's do a brief overview of the ICMP protocol.
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www.onlamp.com/pub/a/bsd/2001/04/04/FreeBSD_Basics.html...
www.onlamp.com/pub/a/bsd/2001/04/04/FreeBSD_Basics.html?page=1
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access-list 2001 permit icmp any any time-exceeded access-list 2001 remark And explicitly block all other ICMP packets access-list 2001 deny icmp any any access-list 2001 remark Permit everything else (or add additional ACLs here).
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www.cymru.com/Documents/icmp-messages.html
www.cymru.com/Documents/icmp-messages.html
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Provides an update that fixes for a problem in Windows XP Professional SP2 where the ICMP packets are dropped. Symptom occurs even though you have configured the Windows firewall feature to allow ICMP packets. ... Restart requirement Hotfix replacement information ... Microsoft scanned this file for viruses. Microsoft used the...
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support.microsoft.com/kb/889527
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