"In nonexperimental research, where there is no experimental manipulation, the IV is the variable that 'logically' has some effect on a DV. For example, in the research on cigarette-smoking and lung cancer, cigarette-smoking, which has already been done by many subjects, is the independent variable." (Kerlinger, 1986, p.32)
www.uncp.edu/home/collierw/ivdv.htm
Contrast this with the definition of the dependent variable. An independent variable is a hypothesized cause or influence on a dependent variable. One way to distinguish these variables is to ask yourself what you are want to learn from this research.
www.childrens-mercy.org/stats/definitions/iv.htm
"In a research study, the independent variable defines a principal focus of research interest. ... Therefore, teacher pay is the independent variable (cause) and attitude towards school is the dependent variable (outcome). Research Questions and Hypotheses...
www.gifted.uconn.edu/siegle/research/Variables/variable... www.gifted.uconn.edu/siegle/research/Variables/variablenotes.htm
In order to examine the causal effects of an independent variable on a dependent variable certain manipulations need to be tries. Manipulations simply mean that we create different kinds levels of the independent variables to assess the imp...
http://www.blurtit.com/q594847.html
The independent variable, also known as the manipulated variable, lies at the heart of any qualitative experimental design. This is the factor manipulated by the researcher, and it produces one or more results, known as dependent variables. ... Home > Key Concepts of the Research Process > Independent Variable;
www.experiment-resources.com/independent-variable.html www.experiment-resources.com/independent-variable.html
Back to first slide ... View graphic version...
www-personal.ksu.edu/~goe/lec08sl/tsld006.htm
This is part of HyperStat Online, a free online statistics book. ... If five-year old subjects were asked to name their favorite color, then the variable would be qualitative. If the time it took them to respond were measured, then the variable would be quantitative. Independent and Dependent;
davidmlane.com/hyperstat/A29697.html
D is now the dependent variable and C gets to be the independent variable. All that means is that we can put any number we want in C, but D can only be determined after we know what C is. D is dependent on C, and C is free at last.
www.ftexploring.com/askdrg/askdrgalapagos5.html
I. Why Are Research Methods Important? Science, at a basic level attempts to answer questions (such as "why are we aggressive) through careful observation and collection of data. ... Independent Variable (IV)- the variable that is manipulated by the researcher to see how it affects the dependent variable.
www.alleydog.com/101notes/methods.html
Treatment fidelity and the independent variable in social work intervention research Purpose While there is ample focus on measuring the dependent variable in social work research, less attention is given to the independent variable.
sswr.confex.com/sswr/2006/techprogram/P4184.HTM