Learned helplessness - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Learned helplessness , as a technical term in animal psychology and related human psychology, means a condition of a human being or an animal in which it has learned to behave helplessly, even when t...
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Learned_helplessness
Martin Seligman - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Martin E. P. Seligman (born August 12, 1942, in Albany, New York) is an American psychologist and author of self-help books. He is known for his work on the theory of "learned helplessness". He is th...
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Martin_Seligman
Learned helplessness : a theory for the age of personal control / New York : Oxford University Press, 1993. xi, 359 p. : ill. ; 24 cm. LC CALL NUMBER: BF575.H4 P48 1993; 6. 91-34235: Seligman, Martin E. P. Learned optimism / New York, N.Y. : Pocket Books, c1990 [i.e. 1992] 319 p. ;
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Peterson, C., Maier, S., and Seligman, M.E.P. (1993). Learned Helplessness: A Theory for the Age of Personal Control. New York: Oxford University Press. ... Seligman, M.E.P. (1972). Learned helplessness and depression. Proceedings of The XVIIth International Congress of Applied Psychology. Brussels: Editest.
www.ppc.sas.upenn.edu/lh.htm
In the course of studying learned helplessness in humans, Seligman found that it tends to be associated with certain ways of thinking about events that form what he termed a person's "explanatory style." The three major components of explanatory style associated with learned helplessness are permanence, pervasiveness,
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Since the original learned helplessness experiments, the phenomenon has been applied to several areas of human behavior, including (1) Depression (Seligman, 1975; Seligman, 1976); (2) elderly adults and old-age homes (Langer & Rodin, 1976);
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This page describes Seligman's learned helplessness theory of depression. Weiss' alternative explanation of helplessness - the motor activation deficit hypothesis is presented. An experimental test of both theories is described. ... List the psychological processes affected by learned helplessness...
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An individual's passivity and sense of being unable to act and to control his or her life, acquired through unpleasant experiences and traumata in which efforts made were ineffective; according to Seligman, this brings on depression.
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The learned helplessness theory (Seligman, 1975) claims that permanent failure causes an expectation of uncontrolability that generalizes to subsequent test tasks and produces (mediated by motivational deficits) performance deficits. ... The results are considered to support Kuhl's conception of functional helplessness.
www.medscape.com/medline/abstract/2132797
Learned helplessness was recognized by Martin Seligman, Steven Maier, and C. Peterson. Incidently in the mid- 1960’s, during their attempts to test prediction of two-process learning theory, they had discovered this disorder.
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