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Most metals will actually melt before reaching such extreme temperatures -- the vibration will break apart the rigid structural bonds between the atoms so that the material becomes a liquid. ... The filament in a light bulb is housed in a sealed, oxygen-free chamber to prevent combustion. In the first light bulbs,
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home.howstuffworks.com/light-bulb2.htm
home.howstuffworks.com/light-bulb2.htm
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This unit consists of an interlinked series of 6 multi-part experiments using inexpensive materials such as lights bulbs, heater wire, and an ohmmeter. In the first experiment, students discover that Ohm's law doesn't appear to be valid for the filament resistance of the light bulb.
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www.sci-ed-ga.org/modules/materialscience/light/index.h...
www.sci-ed-ga.org/modules/materialscience/light/index.html
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Then the invention of ductile tungsten, a much improved filament material, sparked the development of the modern tungsten filament incandescent light bulb by the General Electric Company and William Coolidge in 1906-10. This is the light bulb we know today.
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invsee.asu.edu/Modules/lightbulb/meathist4.htm
invsee.asu.edu/Modules/lightbulb/meathist4.htm
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Tungsten is way better than carbon as a filament material, and now you can find it in any metal-supply shop. It lasts longer, is less brittle, and glows with a cleaner, whiter light. His second mistake, repeated in classroom physics demonstrations to this day, was using a vacuum to get the air out of the bulb.
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www.livescience.com/technology/060227_light_bulb.html
www.livescience.com/technology/060227_light_bulb.html
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He finally selected carbonized cotton thread as his filament material. The filament was clamped to platinum wires that would carry current to and from the filament. This assembly was then placed in a glass bulb that was fused at the neck (called sealing-in). ... One of the main components in a light bulb, the filament,
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www.madehow.com/Volume-1/Light-Bulb.html
www.madehow.com/Volume-1/Light-Bulb.html
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Much later, in 1860, the English physicist Sir Joseph Wilson Swan (1828-1914) was determined to devise a practical, long-lasting electric light. He found that a carbon paper filament worked well, but burned up quickly. ... Lewis Howard Latimer (1848-1928) improved the bulb by inventing a carbon filament (patented in 1881);
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www.enchantedlearning.com/inventors/edison/lightbulb.sh...
www.enchantedlearning.com/inventors/edison/lightbulb.shtml
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Did you know that Thomas Edison experimented for two years to find a suitable material for a light bulb filament? His first successful light bulb used a filament made from burned sewing thread. Tungsten, which has the highest melting point of all metals, proved far more durable.
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www.mailtribune.com/archive/2000/april/041900n6.htm
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There are a couple of other interesting things about the invention of the light bulb: While most of the attention was on the discovery of the right kind of filament that would work, Edison actually had to invent a total of seven system elements that were critical to the practical application of electric lights as...
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inventors.about.com/library/inventors/bledison.htm
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Incandescent lamps make light by using electricity to heat a thin strip of material (called a filament) until it gets hot enough to glow. ... He even thought about using tungsten, which is the metal used for light bulb filaments now, but he couldn't work with it given the tools available at that time...
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www.fi.edu/learn/sci-tech/edison-lightbulb/edison-light...
www.fi.edu/learn/sci-tech/edison-lightbulb/edison-lightbulb.php?cts=electricity
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