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Lupercalia is uniquely Roman, but even the Romans of the first century were at a loss to explain exactly which deity or deities were being exalted. It harkens back to the days when Rome was nothing more than a few shepherds living on a hill known as Palantine and was surrounded by wilderness teeming with wolves.
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www.meridiangraphics.net/lupercalia.htm
www.meridiangraphics.net/lupercalia.htm
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The Lupercalia was celebrated on the fifteenth day before the kalends of March (February 15th). One unusual aspect of this festival was that it was not associated with a temple of a god. First of all, the Romans themselves were a bit confused about which god this holiday honored.
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depthome.brooklyn.cuny.edu/classics/dunkle/romnlife/lup...
depthome.brooklyn.cuny.edu/classics/dunkle/romnlife/luprclia.htm
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A very ancient religious festival in ancient Rome. This is the entry in William Smith's Dictionary of Greek & Roman Antiquities.
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penelope.uchicago.edu/Thayer/E/Roman/Texts/secondary/SM...
penelope.uchicago.edu/Thayer/E/Roman/Texts/secondary/SMIGRA*/Lupercalia.html
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The month of February takes its name, in fact, from the instruments of purification (februa) used in such rites, the best known of which is the Lupercalia. ...
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penelope.uchicago.edu/~grout/encyclopaedia_romana/calen...
penelope.uchicago.edu/~grout/encyclopaedia_romana/calendar/lupercalia.html
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Lupercalia is a Roman ritual of purification and fertility dating from such an ancient time that even the Romans of the first century BCE had forgotten its origin and to which Gods it was dedicated and even the meaning of some of its symbolism.
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www.paganlibrary.com/reference/lupercalia.php
www.paganlibrary.com/reference/lupercalia.php
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The Lupercalia ... The Lupercalia (NP) (the "feast of the she-wolf" or "the feast of purification by means of a goat") was celebrated on February 15. ... The Lupercalia was a festival about which both we and the Romans know much and understand little. It was a wildly popular holiday, very old and very rowdy.
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www.bates.edu/~mimber/Rciv/lupercalia.htm
www.bates.edu/~mimber/Rciv/lupercalia.htm
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The Lupercalia, a festival of purification and fertility, was observed on February 15. It was uniquely Roman, but its origin is lost in time. Even the Romans of the first century BC were at a loss to explain which deity was being honored.
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lonestar.texas.net/~robison/lupercalia.html
lonestar.texas.net/~robison/lupercalia.html
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Topics covered in this section: ... Valentine's Day is linked to the ancient Roman Lupercalia feast. ... The ancient Christian Church had a policy of replacing Pagan gods and goddesses with Christian saints. Sometimes these saints actually existed. In other cases, the story of a Roman god or goddess was cleaned up...
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www.religioustolerance.org/valentine.htm
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Lupercalia - a Roman "Valentine's Day" holiday celebrated on February 15. ... Definition: Lupercalia was an annual Roman festival celebrated on February 15. Because Lupercalia has some connection with fertility it is like an early version of a Valentine's Day holiday. Lupercalia was named for the naked male priests...
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ancienthistory.about.com/od/romereligion/g/Lupercalia.h...
ancienthistory.about.com/od/romereligion/g/Lupercalia.htm
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