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The moral condemnation and stigmatizing effect of criminal penalties is related to one of the traditional purposes of criminal sanctions: to exact retribution by imposing "deserved" punishment in proportion to the offender's blameworthiness.
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law.jrank.org/pages/837/Criminalization-Decriminalizati...
law.jrank.org/pages/837/Criminalization-Decriminalization-Definition-criminal-sanction.html
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The work of the Commission on Effective Criminal Sanctions is being continued by the ABA Criminal Justice Section through its Reentry Committee. The contents of this page are being moved to the Reentry Committee page. ... Report IV- Access to and Use of Criminal History Information for Non-Law Enforcement Purposes...
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This Research in Action discusses the origins and goals of intermediate sanctions, their effects on crime reduction and criminal justice sentencing practices, and their costs. It concludes with an analysis of future policy issues.
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www.ojp.usdoj.gov/nij/pubs-sum/161838.htm
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To the extent that criminal sanctions involve isolation and stigmatization, ACT believes that they will frustrate public health initiatives aimed at controlling HIV. For example, testing for HIV is desirable from a public health perspective because it is the starting point for treatment and health promotion purposes.
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www.actoronto.org/website/research.nsf/pages/crimsanct
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The intended purposes of these sanctions are described, and the research on the imposition of these sanctions is reviewed, particularly the extent to which offenders are likely to pay these court-ordered amounts and the effect of economic sanctions on recidivism.
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cjb.sagepub.com/cgi/content/abstract/33/2/242
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The Legal Term * Sanction * Defined & Explained ... SANCTION - That part of a law which inflicts a penalty for its violation, or bestows a reward for its observance. ... Sanctions are of two kinds, those which redress civil injuries, called civil sanctions; and those which punish crimes, called penal sanctions. --b--
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www.lectlaw.com/def2/s125.htm
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United States Code ... TITLE 18 - CRIMES AND CRIMINAL PROCEDURE ... Section 1166. Gambling in Indian country...
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www.peo7.com/UsStateCode/PEOusLabor_Section39018.htm
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We train and direct our lawyers, judges, and legislators to use these purposes as guiding principles for the distribution of criminal sanctions. The purposes are thus to guide both the drafting and interpretation of criminal statutes and the imposition of criminal sentences in individual cases.
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papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=662006
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Proportionality serves both retributive (just deserts) and practical (utilitarian) sentencing purposes. Under a retributive theory, sanctions should be scaled in proportion to each offender's blame worthiness, ... Unless criminal penalties serve valid purposes, they impose useless costs and hardship. Even when the purposes...
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www.allbusiness.com/legal/3585632-1.html
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