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Priests, vicars general, abbots, and generals of religious orders cannot grant indulgences unless specially authorized to do so. On the other hand, the pope can empower a cleric who is not a priest to give an indulgence (St. Thomas, "Quodlib.", II, q. viii, a. 16).
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www.newadvent.org/cathen/07783a.htm
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Indulgences could be purchased either for oneself or on behalf of others, especially the deceased. Many believed that souls caught in purgatory could get to heave quicker if indulgences were purchased, ... Sometimes confused with theology, the Philosophy of Religion is the philosophical study of religious beliefs,
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atheism.about.com/library/glossary/western/bldef_indulg...
atheism.about.com/library/glossary/western/bldef_indulgence.htm
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In the middle ages, indulgences were granted in exchange for donations to the church. Thus the scandal of the selling of indulgences, which was a primary factor in bringing about the Protestant reformation.
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www.rmbowman.com/catholic/def-indu.htm
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Religious indulgences are introduced as a way of inducing a self selection of members, based on their attitudes towards the risk of dying without having been pardoned for their sins. Highly risk-averse members do not relax their moral behavior even if indulgences are available.
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papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=86571
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We model the Catholic Church as a heterogeneous club managed by a specialized agency that pursues the enlargement of the club within given constraints. ... Religious indulgences induce the self selection of members, based on their attitudes towards risk. Highly risk-averse members do not relax their moral behaviour even...
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ideas.repec.org/a/mhr/jinste/urnsici0932-4569(199909)15...
ideas.repec.org/a/mhr/jinste/urnsici0932-4569(199909)1553_429teori_2.0.tx_2-k.html
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Article: Medieval religious practices, like selling indulgences, which are making a comeback, seem crazy. But it turns out that Islamic financial practices, which I thought were medieval and nuts, can protect people in hard times and help us build community. ... Can you believe the Catholic Church is bringing back indulgences?
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www.opednews.com/articles/This-week-s-strange-religi-by...
www.opednews.com/articles/This-week-s-strange-religi-by-Dave-Belden-090210-523.html
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Sale of Indulgences; Still Alive ? ... This of course is Religious Extortion. We are judged by our deeds and not by the amount of prayers said in our behalf by a priest. A place in heaven is not bought with money - neither is punishment increased or decreased because of a money transaction.
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babylon-the-great.xanga.com/674810475/item/
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of Indulgences of May 8, 1713, and April 23, 1714, - granted anew for ever the following Indulgences to the religious of every order, whether monastic or mendicant, and to the nuns of every approved rule living under the three solemn vows in perpetual cloister, viz.: i. A plenary indulgence to all the faithful of...
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www.franciscan-sfo.org/ap/rac/religious.htm
www.franciscan-sfo.org/ap/rac/religious.htm
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Whether indulgences avail religious? ... Objection 1: It would seem that indulgences do not avail religious. For there is no reason to bring supplies to those who supply others out of their own abundance. Now indulgences are derived from the abundance of works of satisfaction to be found in religious.
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www.ccel.org/ccel/aquinas/summa.XP_Q27_A2.html
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