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He began working on a scheme that he eventually proposed to Robert Schuman, the French Foreign Minister, in 1949. The Schuman Plan, as it became known, was the basis for the European Coal and Steel Community (ECSC) that was established in 1952. It was agreed that the six countries that signed the Treaty of Paris,
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www.spartacus.schoolnet.co.uk/2WWschumanP.htm
www.spartacus.schoolnet.co.uk/2WWschumanP.htm
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The origins of the Schuman Plan In economic terms, coal and steel were vital raw materials. Coal was still the principal source of energy, and the French Government, wanting to modernise its heavy industry, realised how much the steel industry in eastern France depended on substantial supplies of coal.
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www.ena.lu/origins-schuman-plan-020100075.html
www.ena.lu/origins-schuman-plan-020100075.html
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‘France and the Schuman Plan’ from The Economist (15 December 1951). On 15 December 1951, the British weekly journal The Economist considers the tenor of the debates taking place in France following the ratification of the Treaty establishing the European Coal and Steel Community (ECSC). ... "France and the Schuman Plan",
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www.ena.lu/france_schuman_plan_economist_15_december_19...
www.ena.lu/france_schuman_plan_economist_15_december_1951-020200457.html
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Amsterdam Treaty - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
The Treaty of Amsterdam amending the Treaty of the European Union, the Treaties establishing the European Communities and certain related acts , commonly known as the Amsterdam Treaty , was signed...
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amsterdam_Treaty
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Review of 'The Schuman Plan and the British Abdication of Leadership in Europe', Edmund Dell (Clarendon Press, 1995) ... The core of the book (p 110 onwards) is a detailed reconstruction of the British reaction to the Schuman Plan. It combines the classics of British historiography on post-war Europe relating to the topic...
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www.history.ac.uk/reviews/paper/textdell.html
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Zwei Staaten - zwei Wege: Schuman-Plan ... Schon am 20. Juni 1950 nehmen Delegationen aus Frankreich, der Bundesrepublik, Italien und den Beneluxstaaten Verhandlungen über den Schuman-Plan auf. Es wird die Gründung einer Europäischen Gemeinschaft für Kohle und Stahl (EGKS) beschlossen.
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www.dhm.de/lemo/html/DasGeteilteDeutschland/JahreDesAuf...
www.dhm.de/lemo/html/DasGeteilteDeutschland/JahreDesAufbausInOstUndWest/ZweiStaatenZweiWege/schumanPlan.html
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As was the case at the end of the First World War, the question of future control of German coal and steel production also became a major concern for France after 1945. Since April of 1949 the administration of the Ruhr District is in the hands In a time characterised by mistrust of the Germans, ... Beginning on 20 June 1950,
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www.willy-brandt.org/bwbs_biografie/Schuman_Plan_presen...
www.willy-brandt.org/bwbs_biografie/Schuman_Plan_presented_B1186.html
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• On 8 May, the Schumann Plan is announced in Paris. French and German coal industries and iron and steel production are to be placed under a single authority, which can then be joined by other countries. This is the beginning of what will become the European Union.
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www.channel4.com/history/microsites/H/history/guide20/t...
www.channel4.com/history/microsites/H/history/guide20/timeline50.html
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Tim Luscombe certainly takes us into the heart of Europe. His new play, which takes its its name from the French foreign minister's 1950 proposal for a Coal and Steel Community, offers a detailed, ... Into the heart of Europe ... Robert Hands (left) and Sean Baker in The Schuman Plan; Photograph: Tristram Kenton...
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www.guardian.co.uk/arts/critic/review/0,,1704046,00.htm...
www.guardian.co.uk/arts/critic/review/0,,1704046,00.html
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