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Monolayer: When soap is added to water, the ionic-salt end of the molecule is attracted to water and dissolved in it. The non-polar hydrocarbon end of the soap molecule is repelled by water. A drop or two of soap in water forms a monolayer on the water surface as shown in the graphics on the left.
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www.elmhurst.edu/~chm/vchembook/554soap.html
www.elmhurst.edu/~chm/vchembook/554soap.html
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In a soap-and-water solution the hydrophobic (greasy) ends of the soap molecule do not want to be in the liquid at all. Those that find their way to the surface squeeze their way between the surface water molecules, pushing their hydrophobic ends out of the water.
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www.exploratorium.edu/ronh/bubbles/soap.html
www.exploratorium.edu/ronh/bubbles/soap.html
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Soaps are sodium or potassium fatty acids salts, produced from the hydrolysis of fats in a chemical reaction called saponification. Each soap molecule has a long hydrocarbon chain, sometimes called its 'tail', with a carboxylate 'head'.
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chemistry.about.com/od/cleanerchemistry/a/how-soap-clea...
chemistry.about.com/od/cleanerchemistry/a/how-soap-cleans.htm
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To make soap, we must break the fat into its fatty acid and glycerol constituents. The fatty acid has a long hydrocarbon tail which is soluble in fats, and a polar oxygen end which is soluble in water. Thus a fatty acid in solution acts as a soap by dissolving fats in one end of the molecule and water in the other.
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www.deancoleman.com/whatissoap.htm
www.deancoleman.com/whatissoap.htm
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Soap - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
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Soap is an anionic surfactant used in conjunction with water for washing and cleaning, which historically comes either in solid bars or in the form of a viscous liquid. Soap consists of sodium or pot...
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Soap
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The carboxylate end of the soap molecule is attracted to water. It is called the hydrophilic (water-loving) end. The hydrocarbon chain is attracted to oil and grease and repelled by water. It is known as the hydrophobic (water-hating) end.
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www.sdahq.org/cleaning/chemistry/
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With the anion of the carboxyl group balanced by a sodium cation and tied by a covalent bond to a long chain of -CH2- groups that terminate in a CH3- group, we have a soap molecule. We can generalize the molecular structure of a soap molecule as...
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www.chemistry.nus.edu.sg/2500/soap.htm
www.chemistry.nus.edu.sg/2500/soap.htm
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A soap molecule. The grey, red, and white balls represent carbon, oxygen, and hydrogen atoms, respectively. The sodium ion near the negatively charged oxygen atoms is not shown. The head is the sodium or potassium salt of an organic acid.
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antoine.frostburg.edu/chem/senese/101/consumer/faq/maki...
antoine.frostburg.edu/chem/senese/101/consumer/faq/making-soap.shtml
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Review the nature of a water molecule as being polar. In order for a soap molecule to get along in water, it must also be polar and that part of the molecule is hydrophilic. Then the part that was hydrophobic must be the part that likes the oil [lipophilic]!
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www.iit.edu/~smile/ch9103.html
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