FBI files on Bonus Marchers; In June 1932, the Bonus Expeditionary Force, also known as the "Bonus Army", marched on Washington, DC, to advocate the passage of the "soldier's bonus" for service during World War 1. After Congress adjourned, bonus marchers remained in the city and became unruly.
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h-net.org/~dclist/bonus1.html
h-net.org/~dclist/bonus1.html
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World War I veterans who gathered in Washington, D.C., in summer 1932 to demand payment of their promised bonuses. More than 12,000 veterans and their families camped near the U.S. Capitol, urging support for a bill to force early payment of bonuses already voted by Congress. ... Bonus expeditionary force;
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encyclopedia2.thefreedictionary.com/Bonus+expeditionary...
encyclopedia2.thefreedictionary.com/Bonus+expeditionary+force
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These men formed the Bonus Expeditionary Force and came to Washington, D.C., in the summer of 1932, seeking the bonuses promised by Congress. By the end of July they had become unruly and could not be ... Veterans March to Washington to Arrive at Opening of Congress, December 5, 1932, to Demand Cash Payment Bonus.;
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www.ecommcode.com/hoover/hooveronline/lesson_plans09/Bo...
www.ecommcode.com/hoover/hooveronline/lesson_plans09/BonusExpeditionaryForce.htm
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In May of that year, some 15,000 veterans, many unemployed and destitute, descended on Washington, D.C. to demand immediate payment of their bonus. They proclaimed themselves the Bonus Expeditionary Force but the public dubbed them the "Bonus Army." Raising ramshackle camps at various places around the city, they waited.
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www.eyewitnesstohistory.com/snprelief4.htm
www.eyewitnesstohistory.com/snprelief4.htm
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By April 1932, there were 3,662,374 of those certificates outstanding, bearing an aggregate face value of $3.638 billion. ... Over the next several months, a much smaller group of Bonus Expeditionary Force members continued to pressure Congress, and in May 1933 about 1,000 veterans marched again on Washington.
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www.worldwar1.com/dbc/bonusm.htm
www.worldwar1.com/dbc/bonusm.htm
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In March 1932, a small group of veterans from Oregon began marching to Washington, D.C., to demand payment. ... Hoover resisted the demand for an early bonus. Veterans benefits took up 25% of the 1932 federal budget. Even so, as the Bonus Expeditionary Force swelled to 60,000 men, the president secretly ordered that its...
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www.globalsecurity.org/military/ops/bonus-march.htm
www.globalsecurity.org/military/ops/bonus-march.htm
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THE INCIDENT described above occurred in Washington, DC, on July 28, 1932. ... The military commanders who executed the removal of the “Bonus Expeditionary Force,” as the protesters called themselves, were three of the United States’ greatest ... Most Americans have never heard of the Bonus Army and its fate.
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www.sinomania.com/CHINANEWS/tiananmen.htm
www.sinomania.com/CHINANEWS/tiananmen.htm
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WITH THE Great Depression causing mass unemployment and bread lines across the U.S., some 40,000 veterans of the First World War made their way to Washington, D.C., in the summer of 1932 to demand immediate payment of a bonus under a law passed several years earlier.
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eldib.wordpress.com/2008/11/19/the-march-of-the-bonus-a...
eldib.wordpress.com/2008/11/19/the-march-of-the-bonus-army40000-veterans-of-the-first-world-war-made-their-way-to-washington-dc-in-the-summer-of-1932-to-demand-immediate-payment-of-a-bonus-under-a-law-passed-several-years-ear/
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"Before the Million Man March, the Million Mom March or Martin Luther King, Jr.'s March on Washington, there was the Bonus Expeditionary Force (BEF): 45,000 WWI vets who, in 1932, swarmed Washington, D.C., in freight cars, ... "In 1932, approximately 45,000 veterans of World War I converged on Washington, DC. In 1924,
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pauldicksonbooks.com/the_bonus_army__an_american_epic_3...
pauldicksonbooks.com/the_bonus_army__an_american_epic_33728.htm
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