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How are Galls Formed? ... Galls are formed by insect/mite feeding or egg-laying activity. Either mechanical damage or salivary secretions (introduced by insects and/or mites) initiate increased production of normal plant growth hormones. ... Types of Galls...
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www.extension.umn.edu/distribution/horticulture/DG1009....
www.extension.umn.edu/distribution/horticulture/DG1009.html
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Galls are very common on eucalypts and range from being quite small to being very large and grotesque. They are often brightly coloured red or yellow and green. There are many different types of galls and gall-insects: Coccid galls: The insects causing these galls are closely related to scale insects.
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www.pir.sa.gov.au/__data/assets/pdf_file/0006/32946/Num...
www.pir.sa.gov.au/__data/assets/pdf_file/0006/32946/Number_23_Galls.pdf
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Many Insects and mites make plant galls on woody plants. For example, over 700 types of galls occur on oaks alone. The following are the most important gall makers in Colorado.
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www.ext.colostate.edu/pubs/insect/05557.html
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Gall wasp - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
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Gall wasps (Cynipidae), also called Gallflies, are a family of the order Hymenoptera and are classified with the Apocrita suborder of wasps in the superfamily Cynipoidea. About 1300 species of this...
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gall_wasp
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Twig and Stem Galls ... Leaf Galls ... Oak Apple Galls...
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www.ca.uky.edu/entomology/entfacts/ef408.asp
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Galls are irregular plant growths which are stimulated by the interaction between plant hormones and growth-regulating chemicals produced by some insects and mites. The maker receives food and protection from the gall tissue. ... Several types of mites can cause maples to produce three types of galls:
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www.ca.uky.edu/entomology/entfacts/ef404.asp
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In general, there are two types of galls: open and closed. Open galls are produced by insects with piercing, sucking mouthparts—aphids, psyllids, and scales as well as mites. These galls have an opening through which the gallmakers escape.
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www.extension.iastate.edu/Publications/IC417.pdf
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There are basically two types of galls: open and closed. The open galls are produced by piercing mouthpart forms like aphids, psyllids, coccids and mites. For example, the pear leaf blister mite Eriophyes pyri, the witch-hazel cone gall maker Hormaphis hamamelidis, and the elm cockscomb gall maker, Colpha ulmicola.
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www.chemical-ecology.net/insects/gallmake.htm
www.chemical-ecology.net/insects/gallmake.htm
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There are two main types of galls—closed and open. Insects such as wasps, moths, and flies, which have chewing mouthparts in their adult or larval stages, are usually found in completely closed galls. When the time arrives to emerge, the adult chews its way out or exits through an opening made by the larval stage.
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www.tpwd.state.tx.us/publications/nonpwdpubs/young_natu...
www.tpwd.state.tx.us/publications/nonpwdpubs/young_naturalist/plants/plant_galls/
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