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Pour-flush latrines can be connected at a later stage with either a septic tank, the effluent from which can be disposed of by means of subsurface-soil absorption, or a small-bore sewer system. The pour flush latrine is a specially designed water-sealed bowl, which requires 1.5 - 2 liters of water for flushing the excreta.
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www.cawst.org/index.php?id=113
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New Delhi, June 13 (ANI): Minister of Social Justice and Empowerment Meira Kumar has urged the Minister of Rural Development, Dr. Raghuvansh Prasad Singh to take urgent steps to ensure that all dry latrines in rural areas are converted into water seal latrines by March 2009, which is also the target date for...
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www.thaindian.com/newsportal/india-news/complete-the-co...
www.thaindian.com/newsportal/india-news/complete-the-conversion-of-dry-latrines-into-water-seal-latrines-in-rural-areas-by-march-2009-meira_10059954.html
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The Minister of Social Justice and Empowerment, Smt. Meira Kumar has urged the Minister of Rural Development, Dr. Raghuvansh Prasad Singh to take urgent steps to ensure that all dry latrines in rural areas are converted into water seal latrines by March 2009, which is also the target date for rehabilitation of...
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sanitationupdates.wordpress.com/2008/06/13/india-conver...
sanitationupdates.wordpress.com/2008/06/13/india-conversion-of-dry-latrines-into-water-seal-latrines/
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Section of a water-sealed pan Note: In this case, the pit is situated outside the latrine shelter (offset), so water and excreta flow from the pan into the pit along a pipe or channel, which is laid sloping towards the pit.
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www.lboro.ac.uk/well/resources/technical-briefs/45-latr...
www.lboro.ac.uk/well/resources/technical-briefs/45-latrine-slabs-and-seats.pdf
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The Chiengmai water-seal latrine slab. Division of Environmental Sanitation, WHO. Full text. Full text is available as a scanned copy of the original print ...
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www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2538066/
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a water-seal latrine (where people use water) ... a simple pit latrine with a sealed cover ... With a water-seal latrine, the two pits can be connected by pipe-work. The pipe to the pit not in use is simply blocked using a stone. With a dry pit latrine, two covering slabs will be needed.
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tilz.tearfund.org/Publications/Footsteps+1-10/Footsteps...
tilz.tearfund.org/Publications/Footsteps+1-10/Footsteps+9/Planning+a+pit+latrine.htm
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Digital Library title: Construction guide for casting VIP/water-sealed latrine riser ... Magno, T.B. (1986). Construction guide for casting VIP/water-sealed latrine riser. Suva, Fiji, World Health Organization Western Pacific Regional Office...
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www.irc.nl/docsearch/title/110168
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Programme factors are derived from the programme intervention, for example, the installation of a water storing tank adjacent to the latrine, the construction of water sealed latrines, ... If means of storing water is adjacent to the latrine, then the use of the water sealed latrine is more likely to be continued.
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For example, water flowed through a latrine in one continual stream, not just when flushed as is the case with the modern toilet. Fountains ran night and day. For this reason, to compare a per capita water use figure for Rome with a twentieth-century figure is somewhat misleading.
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www.waterhistory.org/histories/rome/
www.waterhistory.org/histories/rome/
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