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Companion cells move sugars and amino acids into and out of the sieve elements. In "source" tissue, such as a leaf, the companion cells use transmembrane proteins to take up - by active transport - sugars and amino acids from the cells manufacturing them.
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users.rcn.com/jkimball.ma.ultranet/BiologyPages/P/Plant...
users.rcn.com/jkimball.ma.ultranet/BiologyPages/P/PlantTissues.html
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Plant cells are formed at meristems, and then develop into cell types which are grouped into tissues. Plants have only three tissue types: 1) Dermal; 2) Ground; and 3) Vascular. ... Companion cells retain their nucleus and control the adjacent sieve cells. Dissolved food, as sucrose, flows through the sieve cells...
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www.emc.maricopa.edu/faculty/farabee/BIOBK/BioBookPLANT...
www.emc.maricopa.edu/faculty/farabee/BIOBK/BioBookPLANTANAT.html
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Hutchinson encyclopedia article about Companion cells. Companion cells. Information about Companion cells in the Hutchinson encyclopedia. ... Phloem is composed of sieve elements and their associated companion cells, together with some sclerenchyma and parenchyma cell types. Sieve elements are long, thin-walled cells joined...
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encyclopedia.farlex.com/Companion+cells
encyclopedia.farlex.com/Companion+cells
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Of all the intricate cell–cell interactions in nature, those between the sieve element (SE) and its companion cell (CC) rank among the most complex and mysterious. ... These cells differentiate in vertical files, with the most immature SEs forming close to the apical meristem. Because root protophloem SEs do not...
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www.plantcell.org/cgi/content/full/11/4/739
www.plantcell.org/cgi/content/full/11/4/739
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In plant pollen grains, sperm cells, which carry the genetic material to be passed on to progeny, are cocooned within larger "companion" cells that provide sperm with energy and nourishment. ... The instructions offered to sperm come in the form of small RNA molecules that companion cells pass on to sperm.
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www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2009/02/090205142147.htm
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In contrast to plants expressing GFP from the strong SUC2 promoter, in RolC-controlled expression GFP is retained in companion cells. The 3'-UTR of SUT1 affected intracellular distribution of GFP but was insufficient for trafficking of SUT1, GFP or their fusions to SEs.
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www.biomedcentral.com/1471-2229/3/8
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Additional File 1: ... Regions depicted as yellow, orange or red dots indicate a high degree of determination (with red being the highest degree, followed by orange, then yellow). ... Format: JPEG Size: 195KB Download file...
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www.biomedcentral.com/1471-2229/3/8/additional/
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Martens HJ; Roberts AG; Oparka KJ; Schulz A; Department of Plant Biology, Royal Veterinary and Agricultural University, DK-1871 Frederiksberg C, Denmark. ... Expression of GFP marked the collection phloem in source leaves and cotyledons as expected, but also the ... FRAP was unaffected by treatment with cytochalasin D.
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www.medscape.com/medline/abstract/16905664
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Glutamate (Glu) dehydrogenase (GDH) catalyses the reversible amination of 2-oxoglutarate for the synthesis of Glu using ammonium as a substrate. ... This enzyme preferentially occurs in the mitochondria of companion cells of a number of plant species grown on nitrate as the sole nitrogen source.
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www.medscape.com/medline/abstract/15563623
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