Blaise Pascal (re)invented an adding/subtracting machine in 1642 with no knowledge of Shickard's machine. Pascal made many of his machines and is therefore often thought of as the original inventor. His first machine was 14" x 5" x 3" and had 8 digits.
www.hpmuseum.org/adder.htm www.hpmuseum.org/adder.htm
The picture below shows a Remington Rand adding machine. This very compact machine came in a black metal case. It had ten number keys plus total and clear keys. (The later on the front.) This machine was made around the 1930's. Picture of a Remington Rand adding machine (~35K)
www.hpmuseum.org/addpaper.htm www.hpmuseum.org/addpaper.htm
But then I had an idea as to how the divide by two mechanisms from my first marble machine could be cascaded together to actually function as a sort of adder register, or counter. Once I had that idea, I knew I had ... And a few months later, I spent a couple of days in my workshop and built my binary marble adding machine.
woodgears.ca/marbleadd/index.html woodgears.ca/marbleadd/index.html
The first commercially successful machine of this type was the Arithmometer made by Charles Xavier Thomas de Colmar (1785-1870). The photograph to the right shows a Thomas Arithmometer in the Smithsonian Institution's collection. ... had a Thomas Arithmometer around 1872. (P. Kidwell, "The Adding Machine Fraternity at St.
www.officemuseum.com/calculating_machines.htm www.officemuseum.com/calculating_machines.htm
Nature has countless examples of mechanical solutions to practical problems, so it comes as no surprise that the first attempt to design a calculating machine was probably made by the master of machine artifacts, ... The first known adding machine was made by Wilhelm Schickard ...
http://www.xnumber.com/xnumber/mechanical1.htm
Burroughs Adding Machine Company traced its founding to William Seward Burroughs who invented and patented the first workable adding and listing machine in St. Louis, ... All employees and their families were moved from St. Louis to Detroit on a special train in one day. Additions were made to the first factory in 1905, 06,
www.xnumber.com/xnumber/hancock7.htm
Blaise Pascal, noted mathematician, thinker, and scientist, built the first mechanical adding machine in 1642 based on a design described by Hero of Alexandria (2AD) to add up the distance a carriage travelled.
www.eingang.org/Lecture/pascaline.html
William Seward Burroughs; Inventor of the first workable adding machine, was born in rural New York in 1855. ... Burroughs Adding Machine Company; Burroughs Adding Machine Company traced its founding to William Seward Burroughs who invented and patented the first workable adding and listing machine in St. Louis,
inventors.about.com/library/inventors/blcalculator.htm
Wilhelm Schickard (1592-1635), of Tuebingen, Wuerttemberg (now in Germany), made a "Calculating Clock". This mechanical machine was capable of adding and subtracting up to 6 digit numbers, and warned of an overflow by ringing a bell. ... The first Tabulating Machine (see 1853) is bought by the Dudley Observatory in Albany,
trillian.randomstuff.org.uk/~stephen/history/timeline-M... trillian.randomstuff.org.uk/~stephen/history/timeline-MECH.html
The Controversial Replica of Leonardo da Vinci's Adding Machine ... The objectors claimed that Leonardo's drawing was not of a calculator but represented a ratio machine. One revolution of the first shaft would give rise to 10 revolutions of the second shaft and 10 to the power of 13 at the last shaft.
192.220.96.166/leonardo/leonardo.html