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Rationality - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
In philosophy, rationality and reason are the key methods used to analyze the data gathered through systematically gathered observations. In economics, sociology, and political science, a decision or ...
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Of those philosophers who have attempted to characterize scientific rationality, most have attended in some way to the history of science. Even Karl Popper, who is hardly a historicist by anyone's standards, frequently employs the history of science as an illustrative and polemical device.
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Rationality is the habit of acting by reason, which means in accordance with the facts of reality. The only alternative is acting by whim, which because reality is absolute, will result in undesired consequences.
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Instrumental rationality - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Two views of instrumental rationality can be discerned in modern philosophy: one view comes from social philosophy and critical theory, another comes from natural philosophy. In social and critical ...
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To be clever in argument is not rationality but rationalization. Intelligence, to be useful, must be used for something other than defeating itself. Listen to hypotheses as they plead their cases before you, but remember that you are not a hypothesis, you are the judge.
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Anthropological Rationality ... It is indeed difficult not to attribute some form of rationality to the wondrous intricacy and amazing diversity manifest in all life forms--to say that the evolution of the human mind was not a goal directed event but arose spontaneously only by the principle of chance and random selection.
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This is a fairly major weakness in this attempt to define rationality in purely objective terms. You cannot describe rational thinking and forget that the criteria are themselves a matter of value judgement, such as the judgements made when setting goals.
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Widely acclaimed for his work on the metaphysics of modality, the ontological argument, the problem of evil, and the epistemology of religious belief, he is the author or editor of seven books, including God and Other Minds, The Nature of Necessity, and Faith and Rationality.
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The Greeks often thought of the world as being a fight, or an agon, between the two forces of rationalism and chaos, or between law and nature. ... The Greeks called these two forces "nomos", meaning law and order and rationalism, and "physis" (FU-sis), ... The god Apollo was the representative of nomos even among the gods;
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