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Shock metamorphism involves changes wrought by instantaneously applied extreme pressure and heat. This contrasts sharply with metamorphic changes accompanying development of most of Earth's metamorphic crustal rocks via long-term contact, cataclastic, and regional metamorphic conditions.
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Shock metamorphism - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
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Shock metamorphism is a fundamental and common process in our Solar System (Deutsch and Langenhorst 1998). It is caused by the passage of strong shock waves, which occur exclusively in the context of natural impact events, nuclear or chemical explosions, and laboratory-scale shock experiments.
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The metamorphism that results when a meteorite strikes rocks at the Earth's surface. The meteoric impact generates tremendous pressure and extremely high temperatures that cause minerals to shatter and recrystallize, producing new minerals that cannot arise under any other circumstances.
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10 Shock Metamorphism Transient, high-pressure shock waves have passed through lunar samples repeatedly, altering the nature of minerals (Roddy et al. 1976). Mosaicism is characteristic of shock damage to silicate minerals and is evidenced by unusually strong, irregular undulatory optical extinction.
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Shock-metamorphic effects in sandstone samples from two circu- ..... Kieffer, S. W., 1971, Shock metamorphism of the Coconino Sandstone at ...
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shock metamorphism which is defined by physical, chemical and mineralogical ... Quantitative treatments of shock metamorphism using definite chemical and ...
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(Note that some volcanic processes form shock lamellae also, but volcanic shock pressures are far less than impact shock pressures and the lamellae are not nearly so regular and parallel for volcanic shock lines.
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FEATURES characteristic of shock metamorphism in target rocks are the main diagnostic tool for recognizing impact phenomena on the Earth and other planetary bodies1–4, and experimentally calibrated shock effects in silicate minerals have been important in elucidating the pressure histories of these rocks.
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These features can be produced experimentally by shock pressures of tens or hundreds of kilobars, which, it is assumed, can only be generated in nature by the hyper-velocity impact of large missiles. All these features occur in the Carswell circular structure, however, in circumstances which cast doubt on this theory.
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